Les origines de la Chandeleur -

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January 29, 2025
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La Chandeleur tombe chaque année le 2 février, soit exactement 40 jours après Noël. C'est un jour très apprécié des familles puisqu'il est de coutume de préparer des crêpes pour les déguster ensuite. Mais, avant d'être une tradition populaire, la Chandeleur est une fête religieuse qui tire ses origines de plusieurs civilisations. Crêpes de France fait un petit retour sur l'histoire de la Chandeleur, ses superstitions et la façon dont elle est célébrée dans le monde.

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La Chandeleur d’aujourd’hui est un condensé de plusieurs célébrations d’antan dans diverses civilisations.

Le 1^er février est un jour de fête appelé Imbolc chez les Celtes. Ils célèbrent Brigit, la déesse de la fécondité et de l’abondance. Des processions aux flambeaux sont organisées dans les champs. C’est une façon d’accueillir le retour de la lumière et de favoriser des récoltes abondantes.

Les Romains organisent les Lupercales courant février pour célébrer la renaissance de la nature après l’hiver. Les paysans purifient leurs champs en les parcourant avec une torche à la main pour avoir de belles récoltes et sillonnent les rues avec des chandelles. Ils mangent des galettes de blé en l’honneur de Lupercus, dieu de la fécondité.

Au Vème siècle, le pape Gélase 1^er reprend la fête des chandelles païenne pour la christianiser. Il impose le 2 février comme étant la fête de la présentation de Jésus au Temple de Jérusalem. Ce jour termine un cycle de 40 jours après Noël. Lors de cette fête, les Romains font des processions aux flambeaux pour célébrer le retour du printemps et des beaux jours. Les paysans cuisinent des crêpes et des galettes avec les restes de farine de l’année. Gélase fait distribuer ces galettes de blé aux pèlerins qui viennent à Rome. La forme ronde et dorée des crêpes rappelle le soleil.

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Les superstitions de la Chandeleur proviennent en partie du passé, mais certaines d’entre elles perdurent encore de nos jours.

À l’époque romaine, il est de coutume de faire sauter la première crêpe de la main droite en tenant une pièce d’or dans la main gauche. Si la crêpe retombe bien dans la poêle, c’est signe de prospérité pour l’année à venir. Aujourd’hui, vous pouvez le faire des euros, ça marche aussi.

Autre façon d’inviter la prospérité chez vous, faire sauter une crêpe au-dessus d’une armoire et la laisser là pendant une année. Aucun risque de pourriture, car la crêpe va simplement se dessécher.

Encore récemment, on faisait brûler un cierge béni lors du repas de la Chandeleur pour éloigner le risque de maladies.

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La Chandeleur est fêtée de différentes manières selon les pays.

En Angleterre, on mange des crumpets avec du fromage et de la confiture. Le crumpet ressemble à un pancake, mais en beaucoup plus épais et avec plein de petits trous caractéristiques sur le dessus.

Au Luxembourg, on fête le Liichtmëssdag. Les enfants parcourent les rues avec des lampions pour demander des bonbons.

Au Mexique, on mange des tamales. Ce sont des petits pains de maïs avec de la farce sucrée ou salée. C’est la personne qui a trouvé la fève le Jour des Rois qui doit se charger des tamales.

Au Canada et aux États-Unis, on fête le jour de la marmotte. Les Américains scrutent l’entrée d’un terrier de marmotte. S’ils arrivent à voir l’ombre d’une marmotte grâce au soleil, cela veut dire que l’hiver durera encore 6 semaines, car la marmotte effrayée va retourner se cacher pour dormir. À l’inverse, si aucune ombre de marmotte n’est visible, cela signifie que le printemps sera précoce.

La Chandeleur est une fête populaire avec des racines très profondes et répandue dans le monde entier. Pas étonnant qu’elle soit célébrée dans les écoles, les centres de loisirs, les entreprises, les restaurants et dans toutes les familles le jour J.

Pour l’occasion, retrouvez quelques recettes de crêpes sur notre blog et n’hésitez pas à nous contacter pour toute information sur nos produits.